Management of Sjogren's syndrome: recent developments and new classification criteria

Sjogren's syndrome is a type of Rare Oral Diseases. It is an autoimmune disorder that can happen at any age yet is most normal in older women. Numerous patients build up Sjogren's syndrome as a complication of another autoimmune disease for example rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.

Most patients with Sjogren's syndrome remain healthy, but some rare complications have been defined, including an increased risk for cancer of the lymph glands (lymphoma). Thus, regular medical care and follow up is significant for all patients.

This can affect many different parts of the body, but mostly often affects the tear and saliva glands. Patients with this condition may notice irritation, a realistic feeling, or painful sweltering in the eyes. Dry mouth (or difficulty eating dry foods) and puffiness of the glands around the face and neck are likewise normal. Some patients experience dryness in the nasal openings, throat, vagina and skin. Swallowing trouble and symptoms of acid reflux are also common.

Types

Primary Sjogren's (Sicca)syndrome – It is a systemic autoimmune disorder of exocrine glands. Also It is not associated with connective tissue disorder. It has more severe Sicca complex.

Secondary Sjogren's syndrome – In this syndrome, all the symptoms of Primary Sjogren's syndrome appear. It is associated with both autoimmune as well as connective tissue disorder.

It can sometimes be confused with a recently labelled syndrome call IGG4 disease.

Symptoms

·         Dry mouth

·         Difficulty talking, chewing or swallowing

·         A sore or cracked tongue

·         Dry or burning throat

·         Dry or peeling lips

·         A change in taste or smell

·         Increased dental decay

·         Joint pain

·         Vaginal and skin dryness

·         Digestive problems

·         Dry nose

·         Debilitating fatigue

Diagnosis

Sjogren's syndrome can be challenging to analyse because the signs and symptoms vary from person to person and can be related to those initiated by other diseases Reactions of various prescriptions additionally  mimic some signs and symptoms of  Sjogren's syndrome.

Tests can help rule out other conditions and help identify a diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome,

that is Blood tests, Eye tests, Imaging, Biopsy.

Treatments 

For a dry eyes

·         Avoid dry, smoky or stormy places – it might utilize a humidifier at home or work to keep the air moist.

·         Avoid reading, sitting in front of the TV or watching at screens for a long time – this can dry your eyes out

·         Wear wraparound sunglasses with sides that assistance stop breeze drying out your eyes.

·         You can also try eye drops and ointments that assistance keeps your eyes wet, sometimes known as artificial tears.

For a dry mouth

·         Apply good oral hygiene – Incorporating brushing your teeth with fluoride toothpaste twice a day

·         Avoid sugary sustenance and drinks, and elude eating between suppers

·         Use antibacterial mouthwash

·         Drink plenty of water

·         Saliva substitutes additionally help keep the mouth moist.

·         There are numerous unique forms available, including sprays, lozenges and gels. You may need to try a few categories to catch one that works for you.

For a dry skin           

Use of moisturising cream every day,  help us avoiding dry skin.

It's additionally a good idea to avoid strong, perfumed soaps. Use palliative soap substitutes as an alternative.